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	<id>http://bloomwiki.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Collective_Action</id>
	<title>Collective Action - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-05-06T15:02:07Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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		<id>http://bloomwiki.org/index.php?title=Collective_Action&amp;diff=3902&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Wordpad: BloomWiki: Collective Action</title>
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		<updated>2026-04-25T01:48:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;BloomWiki: Collective Action&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 01:48, 25 April 2026&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #4B0082; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{BloomIntro}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{BloomIntro}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collective Action is the &amp;quot;Study of the Group&amp;quot;—the investigation of how &amp;quot;Individuals&amp;quot; can &amp;quot;Work Together&amp;quot; to achieve &amp;quot;Goals&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;No One&amp;quot; could achieve alone. While &amp;quot;Action Theory&amp;quot; (see Articles 531–534) focuses on the &amp;quot;Single Person,&amp;quot; **Collective Action** focuses on &amp;quot;Teams,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Nations,&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Species.&amp;quot; From the &amp;quot;Prisoner&amp;#039;s Dilemma&amp;quot; (the &amp;#039;Temptation to Cheat&amp;#039;) to the &amp;quot;Tragedy of the Commons&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;Logic of Coordination,&amp;quot; this field explores the &amp;quot;Geometry of Cooperation.&amp;quot; It is the science of &amp;quot;Synergy,&amp;quot; explaining why it is so &amp;quot;Hard&amp;quot; for humans to &amp;quot;Save the Climate&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Pay for a Public Park,&amp;quot; even when we all &amp;quot;Want&amp;quot; the same outcome.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collective Action is the &amp;quot;Study of the Group&amp;quot;—the investigation of how &amp;quot;Individuals&amp;quot; can &amp;quot;Work Together&amp;quot; to achieve &amp;quot;Goals&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;No One&amp;quot; could achieve alone. While &amp;quot;Action Theory&amp;quot; (see Articles 531–534) focuses on the &amp;quot;Single Person,&amp;quot; **Collective Action** focuses on &amp;quot;Teams,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Nations,&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Species.&amp;quot; From the &amp;quot;Prisoner&amp;#039;s Dilemma&amp;quot; (the &amp;#039;Temptation to Cheat&amp;#039;) to the &amp;quot;Tragedy of the Commons&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;Logic of Coordination,&amp;quot; this field explores the &amp;quot;Geometry of Cooperation.&amp;quot; It is the science of &amp;quot;Synergy,&amp;quot; explaining why it is so &amp;quot;Hard&amp;quot; for humans to &amp;quot;Save the Climate&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Pay for a Public Park,&amp;quot; even when we all &amp;quot;Want&amp;quot; the same outcome.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Remembering ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;__TOC__&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;background-color: #000080; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= &amp;lt;span style=&quot;color: #FFFFFF;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;Remembering&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Collective Action&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — Action taken together by a &amp;quot;Group of people&amp;quot; whose &amp;quot;Goal&amp;quot; is to &amp;quot;Enhance their condition&amp;quot; and achieve a &amp;quot;Common Objective.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Collective Action&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — Action taken together by a &amp;quot;Group of people&amp;quot; whose &amp;quot;Goal&amp;quot; is to &amp;quot;Enhance their condition&amp;quot; and achieve a &amp;quot;Common Objective.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Tragedy of the Commons&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (Hardin) — The idea that &amp;quot;Everyone&amp;quot; will &amp;quot;Over-use&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;Shared Resource&amp;quot; (like a &amp;#039;Pasture&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;The Atmosphere&amp;#039;) for &amp;quot;Individual Gain,&amp;quot; eventually &amp;quot;Destroying it&amp;quot; for everyone.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Tragedy of the Commons&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (Hardin) — The idea that &amp;quot;Everyone&amp;quot; will &amp;quot;Over-use&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;Shared Resource&amp;quot; (like a &amp;#039;Pasture&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;The Atmosphere&amp;#039;) for &amp;quot;Individual Gain,&amp;quot; eventually &amp;quot;Destroying it&amp;quot; for everyone.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l13&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 18:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Public Good&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — A &amp;quot;Benefit&amp;quot; that is &amp;quot;Non-excludable&amp;quot; (you can&amp;#039;t stop people from using it) and &amp;quot;Non-rivalrous&amp;quot; (my use doesn&amp;#039;t stop your use).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Public Good&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — A &amp;quot;Benefit&amp;quot; that is &amp;quot;Non-excludable&amp;quot; (you can&amp;#039;t stop people from using it) and &amp;quot;Non-rivalrous&amp;quot; (my use doesn&amp;#039;t stop your use).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Institution&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — A &amp;quot;Set of Rules&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Habits&amp;quot; created to &amp;quot;Solve&amp;quot; collective action problems (e.g., &amp;#039;The Law,&amp;#039; &amp;#039;A Contract,&amp;#039; &amp;#039;A Social Club&amp;#039;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Institution&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — A &amp;quot;Set of Rules&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Habits&amp;quot; created to &amp;quot;Solve&amp;quot; collective action problems (e.g., &amp;#039;The Law,&amp;#039; &amp;#039;A Contract,&amp;#039; &amp;#039;A Social Club&amp;#039;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Understanding ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;background-color: #006400; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= &amp;lt;span style=&quot;color: #FFFFFF;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;Understanding&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collective action is understood through &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Dilemmas&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Alignment&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Collective action is understood through &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Dilemmas&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Alignment&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l43&quot;&gt;Line 43:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 50:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The &amp;#039;Montreal Protocol&amp;#039; (1987)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: The most &amp;quot;Successful&amp;quot; collective action in history. The &amp;quot;Whole World&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Agreed&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Stop using CFCs&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Save the Ozone Layer.&amp;quot; It proved that if the &amp;quot;Goal is Clear&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;Cost is Shared,&amp;quot; humans **Can** act as a &amp;quot;Global Species.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The &amp;#039;Montreal Protocol&amp;#039; (1987)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: The most &amp;quot;Successful&amp;quot; collective action in history. The &amp;quot;Whole World&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Agreed&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Stop using CFCs&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Save the Ozone Layer.&amp;quot; It proved that if the &amp;quot;Goal is Clear&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;Cost is Shared,&amp;quot; humans **Can** act as a &amp;quot;Global Species.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Applying ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;background-color: #8B0000; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= &amp;lt;span style=&quot;color: #FFFFFF;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;Applying&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Modeling &amp;#039;The Cooperation Threshold&amp;#039; (Predicting if a group will &amp;#039;Succeed&amp;#039;):&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Modeling &amp;#039;The Cooperation Threshold&amp;#039; (Predicting if a group will &amp;#039;Succeed&amp;#039;):&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&amp;quot;python&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&amp;quot;python&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l73&quot;&gt;Line 73:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 82:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Wikipedia&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; → The ultimate &amp;quot;Anti-Tragedy.&amp;quot; A &amp;quot;Global Resource&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;Anyone can edit&amp;quot; but &amp;quot;Doesn&amp;#039;t get destroyed&amp;quot; because the &amp;quot;Culture of Cooperation&amp;quot; is stronger than the &amp;quot;Vandals.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Wikipedia&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; → The ultimate &amp;quot;Anti-Tragedy.&amp;quot; A &amp;quot;Global Resource&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;Anyone can edit&amp;quot; but &amp;quot;Doesn&amp;#039;t get destroyed&amp;quot; because the &amp;quot;Culture of Cooperation&amp;quot; is stronger than the &amp;quot;Vandals.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Climate Change&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (See Article 530) → The &amp;quot;Final Boss&amp;quot; of collective action. A &amp;quot;Global Commons&amp;quot; with &amp;quot;7 Billion Free-Riders.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Climate Change&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (See Article 530) → The &amp;quot;Final Boss&amp;quot; of collective action. A &amp;quot;Global Commons&amp;quot; with &amp;quot;7 Billion Free-Riders.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Analyzing ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;background-color: #8B4500; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= &amp;lt;span style=&quot;color: #FFFFFF;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;Analyzing&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|+ Prisoner&amp;#039;s Dilemma Outcomes&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|+ Prisoner&amp;#039;s Dilemma Outcomes&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l91&quot;&gt;Line 91:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 102:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Concept of &amp;quot;Focal Points&amp;quot; (Schelling Points)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Analyzing &amp;quot;Silent Coordination.&amp;quot; If you are told to &amp;quot;Meet a Friend in New York&amp;quot; but &amp;quot;Not told a time or place,&amp;quot; where do you go? Most people go to **&amp;quot;Grand Central Station at Noon.&amp;quot;** These &amp;quot;Obvious Points&amp;quot; are the &amp;quot;Automatic Institutions&amp;quot; that allow humans to &amp;quot;Coordinate&amp;quot; without &amp;quot;Talking.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Concept of &amp;quot;Focal Points&amp;quot; (Schelling Points)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Analyzing &amp;quot;Silent Coordination.&amp;quot; If you are told to &amp;quot;Meet a Friend in New York&amp;quot; but &amp;quot;Not told a time or place,&amp;quot; where do you go? Most people go to **&amp;quot;Grand Central Station at Noon.&amp;quot;** These &amp;quot;Obvious Points&amp;quot; are the &amp;quot;Automatic Institutions&amp;quot; that allow humans to &amp;quot;Coordinate&amp;quot; without &amp;quot;Talking.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Evaluating ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;background-color: #483D8B; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= &amp;lt;span style=&quot;color: #FFFFFF;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;Evaluating&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Evaluating collective action:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Evaluating collective action:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Scale&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Why does &amp;quot;Trust&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Break down&amp;quot; when a group is &amp;quot;Larger than 150 people&amp;quot; (Dunbar&amp;#039;s Number)?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Scale&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Why does &amp;quot;Trust&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Break down&amp;quot; when a group is &amp;quot;Larger than 150 people&amp;quot; (Dunbar&amp;#039;s Number)?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l98&quot;&gt;Line 98:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 111:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Digital Commons&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Does the &amp;quot;Internet&amp;quot; make collective action &amp;quot;Easier&amp;quot; (Speed) or &amp;quot;Harder&amp;quot; (Anonymity/Misinformation)?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Digital Commons&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Does the &amp;quot;Internet&amp;quot; make collective action &amp;quot;Easier&amp;quot; (Speed) or &amp;quot;Harder&amp;quot; (Anonymity/Misinformation)?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Leadership&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Do we &amp;quot;Need&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;Single Leader&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Force Alignment,&amp;quot; or can &amp;quot;Groups&amp;quot; be &amp;quot;Self-Organizing&amp;quot;?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Leadership&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Do we &amp;quot;Need&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;Single Leader&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Force Alignment,&amp;quot; or can &amp;quot;Groups&amp;quot; be &amp;quot;Self-Organizing&amp;quot;?&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Creating ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;background-color: #2F4F4F; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= &amp;lt;span style=&quot;color: #FFFFFF;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;Creating&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Future Frontiers:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Future Frontiers:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organizations)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Using &amp;quot;Smart Contracts&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Automate Cooperation,&amp;quot; where &amp;quot;Funds&amp;quot; are &amp;quot;Released&amp;quot; only when &amp;quot;Everyone has Done their part.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organizations)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Using &amp;quot;Smart Contracts&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Automate Cooperation,&amp;quot; where &amp;quot;Funds&amp;quot; are &amp;quot;Released&amp;quot; only when &amp;quot;Everyone has Done their part.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l112&quot;&gt;Line 112:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 127:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Action Theory]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Action Theory]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Game Theory]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Game Theory]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Wordpad</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://bloomwiki.org/index.php?title=Collective_Action&amp;diff=1949&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Wordpad: BloomWiki: Collective Action</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://bloomwiki.org/index.php?title=Collective_Action&amp;diff=1949&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2026-04-23T16:38:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;BloomWiki: Collective Action&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{BloomIntro}}&lt;br /&gt;
Collective Action is the &amp;quot;Study of the Group&amp;quot;—the investigation of how &amp;quot;Individuals&amp;quot; can &amp;quot;Work Together&amp;quot; to achieve &amp;quot;Goals&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;No One&amp;quot; could achieve alone. While &amp;quot;Action Theory&amp;quot; (see Articles 531–534) focuses on the &amp;quot;Single Person,&amp;quot; **Collective Action** focuses on &amp;quot;Teams,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Nations,&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Species.&amp;quot; From the &amp;quot;Prisoner&amp;#039;s Dilemma&amp;quot; (the &amp;#039;Temptation to Cheat&amp;#039;) to the &amp;quot;Tragedy of the Commons&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;Logic of Coordination,&amp;quot; this field explores the &amp;quot;Geometry of Cooperation.&amp;quot; It is the science of &amp;quot;Synergy,&amp;quot; explaining why it is so &amp;quot;Hard&amp;quot; for humans to &amp;quot;Save the Climate&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Pay for a Public Park,&amp;quot; even when we all &amp;quot;Want&amp;quot; the same outcome.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Remembering ==&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Collective Action&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — Action taken together by a &amp;quot;Group of people&amp;quot; whose &amp;quot;Goal&amp;quot; is to &amp;quot;Enhance their condition&amp;quot; and achieve a &amp;quot;Common Objective.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Tragedy of the Commons&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (Hardin) — The idea that &amp;quot;Everyone&amp;quot; will &amp;quot;Over-use&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;Shared Resource&amp;quot; (like a &amp;#039;Pasture&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;The Atmosphere&amp;#039;) for &amp;quot;Individual Gain,&amp;quot; eventually &amp;quot;Destroying it&amp;quot; for everyone.&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Prisoner’s Dilemma&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — A &amp;quot;Game Theory&amp;quot; scenario where &amp;quot;Two People&amp;quot; would &amp;quot;Both Benefit&amp;quot; from &amp;quot;Cooperating,&amp;quot; but the &amp;quot;Incentive&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Cheat&amp;quot; leads them to &amp;quot;Both Lose.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Free-Rider Problem&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — When someone &amp;quot;Enjoys the Benefit&amp;quot; of a group action (e.g., &amp;#039;Clean Air&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;National Defense&amp;#039;) but &amp;quot;Doesn&amp;#039;t Pay the Cost&amp;quot; (e.g., &amp;#039;Not paying taxes&amp;#039;).&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Coordination Problem&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — When people &amp;quot;Want&amp;quot; to act together but &amp;quot;Don&amp;#039;t know how&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Sync&amp;quot; their actions (e.g., &amp;#039;Which side of the road to drive on?&amp;#039;).&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Collective Intentionality&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (Searle/Tuomela) — The &amp;quot;Special State&amp;quot; of a &amp;quot;Group Mind&amp;quot;: when we think **&amp;quot;WE are doing X&amp;quot;** rather than &amp;#039;I am doing X and you are doing X.&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Olson’s Logic&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (Mancur Olson) — The theory that &amp;quot;Large Groups&amp;quot; are &amp;quot;Harder to Organize&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;Small Groups&amp;quot; because of &amp;quot;Anonymity&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Free-Riding.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Social Capital&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — The &amp;quot;Trust,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Networks,&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Shared Norms&amp;quot; that make &amp;quot;Collective Action&amp;quot; easier in a community.&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Public Good&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — A &amp;quot;Benefit&amp;quot; that is &amp;quot;Non-excludable&amp;quot; (you can&amp;#039;t stop people from using it) and &amp;quot;Non-rivalrous&amp;quot; (my use doesn&amp;#039;t stop your use).&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Institution&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — A &amp;quot;Set of Rules&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Habits&amp;quot; created to &amp;quot;Solve&amp;quot; collective action problems (e.g., &amp;#039;The Law,&amp;#039; &amp;#039;A Contract,&amp;#039; &amp;#039;A Social Club&amp;#039;).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Understanding ==&lt;br /&gt;
Collective action is understood through &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Dilemmas&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Alignment&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;1. The &amp;quot;Rational&amp;quot; Selfishness (The Dilemma)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;:&lt;br /&gt;
Why is the &amp;quot;Whole&amp;quot; sometimes &amp;quot;Less&amp;quot; than the &amp;quot;Sum of Parts&amp;quot;?&lt;br /&gt;
* Imagine a **Lake** with &amp;quot;100 Fishermen.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* If they all &amp;quot;Take a little,&amp;quot; the fish &amp;quot;Reproduce&amp;quot; and everyone is rich forever.&lt;br /&gt;
* But **Individual Logic** says: &amp;quot;If I take an **Extra Fish**, I get **$10**. The damage to the lake is only **$0.10** per person.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* Everyone &amp;quot;Thinks the Same.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* The lake &amp;quot;Dies.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* This is the &amp;quot;Tragedy.&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Individual Rationality&amp;quot; leads to &amp;quot;Collective Disaster.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;2. The &amp;quot;Sync&amp;quot; (Coordination)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;:&lt;br /&gt;
Sometimes we &amp;quot;Agree&amp;quot; on the goal, but we &amp;quot;Fail&amp;quot; at the **How**.&lt;br /&gt;
* Imagine &amp;quot;1,000 People&amp;quot; who want to &amp;quot;Overthrow a Dictator.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* If they all &amp;quot;Go to the Square at 9:00 AM,&amp;quot; they &amp;quot;Win.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* If only &amp;quot;50 People&amp;quot; go, they &amp;quot;Go to Jail.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* Every person is &amp;quot;Waiting&amp;quot; to see if &amp;quot;Everyone else&amp;quot; goes.&lt;br /&gt;
* This is the **Common Knowledge** problem. &amp;quot;I will go only if I KNOW that YOU know that I KNOW we are all going.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;3. The &amp;quot;We-Mode&amp;quot; (Collective Intent)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;:&lt;br /&gt;
How do &amp;quot;Teams&amp;quot; work?&lt;br /&gt;
* John Searle argued that &amp;quot;Collective Action&amp;quot; is a &amp;quot;New Type&amp;quot; of mind.&lt;br /&gt;
* When &amp;quot;Two People&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Carry a Table,&amp;quot; they aren&amp;#039;t &amp;quot;Two individuals.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* They are a **&amp;quot;We-Agent.&amp;quot;**&lt;br /&gt;
* They &amp;quot;Synchronize&amp;quot; their &amp;quot;Movements&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Intentions.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* This &amp;quot;Social Glue&amp;quot; is what allowed humans to &amp;quot;Build Pyramids,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Hunt Mammoths,&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Go to the Moon.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The &amp;#039;Montreal Protocol&amp;#039; (1987)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: The most &amp;quot;Successful&amp;quot; collective action in history. The &amp;quot;Whole World&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Agreed&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Stop using CFCs&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Save the Ozone Layer.&amp;quot; It proved that if the &amp;quot;Goal is Clear&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;Cost is Shared,&amp;quot; humans **Can** act as a &amp;quot;Global Species.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Applying ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Modeling &amp;#039;The Cooperation Threshold&amp;#039; (Predicting if a group will &amp;#039;Succeed&amp;#039;):&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&amp;quot;python&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
def will_the_group_act(group_size, benefit_per_person, cost_per_person, trust_level_pct):&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
    Collective Action = (Benefit / Cost) * Trust.&lt;br /&gt;
    Large groups have &amp;#039;Free-Rider&amp;#039; friction.&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
    friction = group_size * 0.01 # More people = More &amp;#039;Invisible&amp;#039; free-riders&lt;br /&gt;
    &lt;br /&gt;
    potential = (benefit_per_person / cost_per_person) * (trust_level_pct / 100)&lt;br /&gt;
    final_score = potential - friction&lt;br /&gt;
    &lt;br /&gt;
    if final_score &amp;gt; 1.0:&lt;br /&gt;
        return f&amp;quot;RESULT: SUCCESS. The group has &amp;#039;Alignment&amp;#039;. Force: {round(final_score, 2)}&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
    else:&lt;br /&gt;
        return f&amp;quot;RESULT: FAILURE. Free-riding or Lack of Trust. Force: {round(final_score, 2)}&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Case: 10 people in a clean-up club (High Trust)&lt;br /&gt;
print(will_the_group_act(10, 100, 20, 90))&lt;br /&gt;
# Case: 1 million people trying to save the climate (Low Trust)&lt;br /&gt;
print(will_the_group_act(1000000, 1000, 100, 10))&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Collective Landmarks&lt;br /&gt;
: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Elinor Ostrom’s &amp;#039;Governing the Commons&amp;#039; &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; → She &amp;quot;Won the Nobel Prize&amp;quot; for &amp;quot;Proving&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;Local Communities&amp;quot; can &amp;quot;Manage the Commons&amp;quot; without &amp;#039;Government&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;Private Property&amp;#039; if they have &amp;quot;Good Rules&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;High Trust.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The &amp;#039;Arab Spring&amp;#039; (2011)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; → How &amp;quot;Social Media&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Solved the Coordination Problem&amp;quot; by making &amp;quot;Protest Times&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Common Knowledge&amp;quot; instantly.&lt;br /&gt;
: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Wikipedia&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; → The ultimate &amp;quot;Anti-Tragedy.&amp;quot; A &amp;quot;Global Resource&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;Anyone can edit&amp;quot; but &amp;quot;Doesn&amp;#039;t get destroyed&amp;quot; because the &amp;quot;Culture of Cooperation&amp;quot; is stronger than the &amp;quot;Vandals.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Climate Change&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (See Article 530) → The &amp;quot;Final Boss&amp;quot; of collective action. A &amp;quot;Global Commons&amp;quot; with &amp;quot;7 Billion Free-Riders.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Analyzing ==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ Prisoner&amp;#039;s Dilemma Outcomes&lt;br /&gt;
! Agent A !! Agent B !! Result&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Cooperate || Cooperate || **BEST FOR BOTH** (3 points each)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Cheat || Cooperate || **BEST FOR A** (5 points) / **WORST FOR B** (0)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Cooperate || Cheat || **WORST FOR A** (0) / **BEST FOR B** (5)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Cheat || Cheat || **BAD FOR BOTH** (1 point each)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Analogy || A &amp;#039;Joint Venture&amp;#039; || A &amp;#039;Betrayal&amp;#039; || A &amp;#039;Mutual Destruction&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Concept of &amp;quot;Focal Points&amp;quot; (Schelling Points)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Analyzing &amp;quot;Silent Coordination.&amp;quot; If you are told to &amp;quot;Meet a Friend in New York&amp;quot; but &amp;quot;Not told a time or place,&amp;quot; where do you go? Most people go to **&amp;quot;Grand Central Station at Noon.&amp;quot;** These &amp;quot;Obvious Points&amp;quot; are the &amp;quot;Automatic Institutions&amp;quot; that allow humans to &amp;quot;Coordinate&amp;quot; without &amp;quot;Talking.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Evaluating ==&lt;br /&gt;
Evaluating collective action:&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Scale&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Why does &amp;quot;Trust&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Break down&amp;quot; when a group is &amp;quot;Larger than 150 people&amp;quot; (Dunbar&amp;#039;s Number)?&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Enforcement&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Is &amp;quot;Punishment&amp;quot; (e.g. &amp;#039;Shaming&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;Fines&amp;#039;) &amp;quot;Necessary&amp;quot; for &amp;quot;Cooperation&amp;quot;?&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Digital Commons&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Does the &amp;quot;Internet&amp;quot; make collective action &amp;quot;Easier&amp;quot; (Speed) or &amp;quot;Harder&amp;quot; (Anonymity/Misinformation)?&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Leadership&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Do we &amp;quot;Need&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;Single Leader&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Force Alignment,&amp;quot; or can &amp;quot;Groups&amp;quot; be &amp;quot;Self-Organizing&amp;quot;?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Creating ==&lt;br /&gt;
Future Frontiers:&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organizations)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Using &amp;quot;Smart Contracts&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Automate Cooperation,&amp;quot; where &amp;quot;Funds&amp;quot; are &amp;quot;Released&amp;quot; only when &amp;quot;Everyone has Done their part.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Global &amp;#039;Trust&amp;#039; Networks&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: A &amp;quot;Blockchain of Reputation&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;Shows&amp;quot; how &amp;quot;Cooperative&amp;quot; someone is, reducing the &amp;quot;Incentive to Cheat&amp;quot; in global trade.&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;AI &amp;#039;Coordination&amp;#039; Oracles&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: An AI that &amp;quot;Finds the Focal Point&amp;quot; for &amp;quot;Conflict Resolution,&amp;quot; suggesting a &amp;quot;Middle Ground&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;Both Sides&amp;quot; can &amp;quot;Agree on&amp;quot; instantly.&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Hyper-Local &amp;#039;Resilience&amp;#039; Circles&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Small, high-trust &amp;quot;Groups&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;Share Everything&amp;quot; (Tools/Food/Cars), proving that the &amp;quot;Commons&amp;quot; can be &amp;quot;Saved&amp;quot; one neighborhood at a time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Philosophy]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Science]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Economics]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Sociology]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Action Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Game Theory]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Wordpad</name></author>
	</entry>
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