<?xml version="1.0"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">
	<id>http://bloomwiki.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Coevolution_and_Symbiosis</id>
	<title>Coevolution and Symbiosis - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://bloomwiki.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Coevolution_and_Symbiosis"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://bloomwiki.org/index.php?title=Coevolution_and_Symbiosis&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-05-06T19:14:45Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.43.0</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>http://bloomwiki.org/index.php?title=Coevolution_and_Symbiosis&amp;diff=3893&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Wordpad: BloomWiki: Coevolution and Symbiosis</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://bloomwiki.org/index.php?title=Coevolution_and_Symbiosis&amp;diff=3893&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2026-04-25T01:48:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;BloomWiki: Coevolution and Symbiosis&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 01:48, 25 April 2026&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #4B0082; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{BloomIntro}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{BloomIntro}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Coevolution and Symbiosis is the &amp;quot;Study of the Partner&amp;quot;—the investigation of the &amp;quot;Reciprocal Evolution&amp;quot; (~1960s–Present) where &amp;quot;Two or More Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Influence&amp;quot; each other&amp;#039;s &amp;quot;Evolutionary Trajectory.&amp;quot; While &amp;quot;Selection&amp;quot; (see Article 636) is often seen as &amp;quot;Nature vs. Species,&amp;quot; **Coevolution** is &amp;quot;Species vs. Species.&amp;quot; From &amp;quot;Mutualism&amp;quot; (Bees and Flowers) and &amp;quot;Parasitism&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;The Red Queen Hypothesis&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Evolutionary Arms Races,&amp;quot; this field explores the &amp;quot;Interdependence of Life.&amp;quot; It is the science of &amp;quot;Relationships,&amp;quot; explaining why &amp;quot;Ants&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Farm&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Aphids&amp;quot;—and how &amp;quot;Life&amp;quot; is a &amp;quot;Complex Web&amp;quot; of &amp;quot;Cooperation and War.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Coevolution and Symbiosis is the &amp;quot;Study of the Partner&amp;quot;—the investigation of the &amp;quot;Reciprocal Evolution&amp;quot; (~1960s–Present) where &amp;quot;Two or More Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Influence&amp;quot; each other&amp;#039;s &amp;quot;Evolutionary Trajectory.&amp;quot; While &amp;quot;Selection&amp;quot; (see Article 636) is often seen as &amp;quot;Nature vs. Species,&amp;quot; **Coevolution** is &amp;quot;Species vs. Species.&amp;quot; From &amp;quot;Mutualism&amp;quot; (Bees and Flowers) and &amp;quot;Parasitism&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;The Red Queen Hypothesis&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Evolutionary Arms Races,&amp;quot; this field explores the &amp;quot;Interdependence of Life.&amp;quot; It is the science of &amp;quot;Relationships,&amp;quot; explaining why &amp;quot;Ants&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Farm&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Aphids&amp;quot;—and how &amp;quot;Life&amp;quot; is a &amp;quot;Complex Web&amp;quot; of &amp;quot;Cooperation and War.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Remembering ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;__TOC__&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;background-color: #000080; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= &amp;lt;span style=&quot;color: #FFFFFF;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;Remembering&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Coevolution&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — The &amp;quot;Process&amp;quot; where &amp;quot;Two Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Evolve&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;Response&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Changes&amp;quot; in each other.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Coevolution&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — The &amp;quot;Process&amp;quot; where &amp;quot;Two Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Evolve&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;Response&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Changes&amp;quot; in each other.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Symbiosis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — (Greek for &amp;#039;Living Together&amp;#039;): any &amp;quot;Long-Term&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Interaction&amp;quot; between &amp;quot;Two Different Species.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Symbiosis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — (Greek for &amp;#039;Living Together&amp;#039;): any &amp;quot;Long-Term&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Interaction&amp;quot; between &amp;quot;Two Different Species.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l13&quot;&gt;Line 13:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 18:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Niche Construction&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — (See Article 149). When an &amp;quot;Organism&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Changes&amp;quot; its &amp;quot;Environment&amp;quot; in a way that &amp;quot;Influences&amp;quot; its &amp;quot;Own Evolution&amp;quot; (e.g., &amp;#039;Beaver Dams&amp;#039;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Niche Construction&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — (See Article 149). When an &amp;quot;Organism&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Changes&amp;quot; its &amp;quot;Environment&amp;quot; in a way that &amp;quot;Influences&amp;quot; its &amp;quot;Own Evolution&amp;quot; (e.g., &amp;#039;Beaver Dams&amp;#039;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Co-extinction&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — The &amp;quot;Loss&amp;quot; of a &amp;quot;Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Due to&amp;quot; the &amp;quot;Extinction&amp;quot; of its &amp;quot;Partner&amp;quot; (e.g., &amp;#039;A Specialist Pollinator&amp;#039; dying when its &amp;#039;Specific Flower&amp;#039; disappears).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Co-extinction&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — The &amp;quot;Loss&amp;quot; of a &amp;quot;Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Due to&amp;quot; the &amp;quot;Extinction&amp;quot; of its &amp;quot;Partner&amp;quot; (e.g., &amp;#039;A Specialist Pollinator&amp;#039; dying when its &amp;#039;Specific Flower&amp;#039; disappears).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Understanding ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;background-color: #006400; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= &amp;lt;span style=&quot;color: #FFFFFF;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;Understanding&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Coevolution is understood through &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Feedback&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Interdependence&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Coevolution is understood through &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Feedback&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Interdependence&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l43&quot;&gt;Line 43:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 50:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Darwin’s Orchid (Angraecum sesquipedale)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: A famous &amp;quot;Prediction.&amp;quot; Darwin saw an orchid with a **30cm-long** nectar tube and &amp;quot;Predicted&amp;quot; there &amp;quot;Must&amp;quot; be a &amp;quot;Moth&amp;quot; with a **30cm-long** tongue to pollinate it. 40 years later, the &amp;quot;Morgan&amp;#039;s Sphinx Moth&amp;quot; was &amp;quot;Discovered.&amp;quot; It proved that &amp;quot;Coevolution&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Leaves&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Logical Clues.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Darwin’s Orchid (Angraecum sesquipedale)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: A famous &amp;quot;Prediction.&amp;quot; Darwin saw an orchid with a **30cm-long** nectar tube and &amp;quot;Predicted&amp;quot; there &amp;quot;Must&amp;quot; be a &amp;quot;Moth&amp;quot; with a **30cm-long** tongue to pollinate it. 40 years later, the &amp;quot;Morgan&amp;#039;s Sphinx Moth&amp;quot; was &amp;quot;Discovered.&amp;quot; It proved that &amp;quot;Coevolution&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Leaves&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Logical Clues.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Applying ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;background-color: #8B0000; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= &amp;lt;span style=&quot;color: #FFFFFF;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;Applying&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Modeling &amp;#039;The Parasite-Host&amp;#039; Cycle (Simulating &amp;#039;Virulence&amp;#039; vs &amp;#039;Resistance&amp;#039;):&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Modeling &amp;#039;The Parasite-Host&amp;#039; Cycle (Simulating &amp;#039;Virulence&amp;#039; vs &amp;#039;Resistance&amp;#039;):&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&amp;quot;python&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&amp;quot;python&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l71&quot;&gt;Line 71:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 80:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Human/Microbiome Symbiosis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; → (See Article 597). The &amp;quot;Discovery&amp;quot; that our &amp;quot;Immune System&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Brain&amp;quot; (see Article 110) are &amp;quot;Regulated&amp;quot; by &amp;quot;Trillions of Bacteria&amp;quot; in our &amp;quot;Gut.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Human/Microbiome Symbiosis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; → (See Article 597). The &amp;quot;Discovery&amp;quot; that our &amp;quot;Immune System&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Brain&amp;quot; (see Article 110) are &amp;quot;Regulated&amp;quot; by &amp;quot;Trillions of Bacteria&amp;quot; in our &amp;quot;Gut.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mimicry&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (Batesian/Mullerian) → When a &amp;quot;Harmless Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Evolves&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Look Like&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;Poisonous One&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Avoid&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Predators&amp;quot; (Coevolving with the &amp;#039;Predator&amp;#039;s Vision&amp;#039;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mimicry&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (Batesian/Mullerian) → When a &amp;quot;Harmless Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Evolves&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Look Like&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;Poisonous One&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Avoid&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Predators&amp;quot; (Coevolving with the &amp;#039;Predator&amp;#039;s Vision&amp;#039;).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Analyzing ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;background-color: #8B4500; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= &amp;lt;span style=&quot;color: #FFFFFF;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;Analyzing&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|+ Competition vs. Cooperation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|+ Competition vs. Cooperation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l89&quot;&gt;Line 89:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 100:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Concept of &amp;quot;Coevolutionary Checkpoint&amp;quot;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Analyzing &amp;quot;The Risk.&amp;quot; If a &amp;quot;Mutualist Partner&amp;quot; becomes &amp;quot;Extinct,&amp;quot; the &amp;quot;Other&amp;quot; is &amp;quot;Doomed.&amp;quot; (See Article 526). This makes &amp;quot;Ecosystems&amp;quot; (see Article 149) **&amp;quot;Fragile.&amp;quot;** We cannot &amp;quot;Save&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;In Isolation&amp;quot;; we must &amp;quot;Save&amp;quot; the **&amp;quot;Relationship.&amp;quot;**&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Concept of &amp;quot;Coevolutionary Checkpoint&amp;quot;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Analyzing &amp;quot;The Risk.&amp;quot; If a &amp;quot;Mutualist Partner&amp;quot; becomes &amp;quot;Extinct,&amp;quot; the &amp;quot;Other&amp;quot; is &amp;quot;Doomed.&amp;quot; (See Article 526). This makes &amp;quot;Ecosystems&amp;quot; (see Article 149) **&amp;quot;Fragile.&amp;quot;** We cannot &amp;quot;Save&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;In Isolation&amp;quot;; we must &amp;quot;Save&amp;quot; the **&amp;quot;Relationship.&amp;quot;**&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Evaluating ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;background-color: #483D8B; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= &amp;lt;span style=&quot;color: #FFFFFF;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;Evaluating&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Evaluating Coevolution:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Evaluating Coevolution:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Agriculture&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: How do &amp;quot;Pests&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Coevolve&amp;quot; with &amp;quot;Pesticides&amp;quot; (see Article 590)? (The &amp;#039;Treadmill&amp;#039; problem).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Agriculture&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: How do &amp;quot;Pests&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Coevolve&amp;quot; with &amp;quot;Pesticides&amp;quot; (see Article 590)? (The &amp;#039;Treadmill&amp;#039; problem).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l96&quot;&gt;Line 96:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 109:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ethics&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Is &amp;quot;Domestication&amp;quot; (see Article 621) a &amp;quot;Symbiosis&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Slavery&amp;quot;? (The &amp;#039;Who is in control?&amp;#039; debate).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ethics&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Is &amp;quot;Domestication&amp;quot; (see Article 621) a &amp;quot;Symbiosis&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Slavery&amp;quot;? (The &amp;#039;Who is in control?&amp;#039; debate).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Impact&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Why is &amp;quot;Cooperation&amp;quot; (Mutualism) &amp;quot;More Common&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;Nature&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;Conflict&amp;quot;? (The &amp;#039;Cost&amp;#039; of war).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Impact&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Why is &amp;quot;Cooperation&amp;quot; (Mutualism) &amp;quot;More Common&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;Nature&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;Conflict&amp;quot;? (The &amp;#039;Cost&amp;#039; of war).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Creating ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;div style&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&quot;background-color: #2F4F4F; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;= &amp;lt;span style=&quot;color: #FFFFFF;&quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;Creating&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Future Frontiers:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Future Frontiers:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Synthetic &amp;#039;Symbiosis&amp;#039; &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: (See Article 555). &amp;quot;Engineering&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;New Bacterium&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;Lives&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;Human Skin&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Produces&amp;quot; **&amp;quot;Vitamin D&amp;quot;** or **&amp;quot;UV Protection&amp;quot;** &amp;quot;Automatically.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Synthetic &amp;#039;Symbiosis&amp;#039; &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: (See Article 555). &amp;quot;Engineering&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;New Bacterium&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;Lives&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;Human Skin&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Produces&amp;quot; **&amp;quot;Vitamin D&amp;quot;** or **&amp;quot;UV Protection&amp;quot;** &amp;quot;Automatically.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l111&quot;&gt;Line 111:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 126:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Microbiology]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Microbiology]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Genetics]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Genetics]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;!-- diff cache key mediawiki:diff:1.41:old-2151:rev-3893:php=table --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Wordpad</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://bloomwiki.org/index.php?title=Coevolution_and_Symbiosis&amp;diff=2151&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Wordpad: BloomWiki: Coevolution and Symbiosis</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://bloomwiki.org/index.php?title=Coevolution_and_Symbiosis&amp;diff=2151&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2026-04-23T17:21:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;BloomWiki: Coevolution and Symbiosis&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{BloomIntro}}&lt;br /&gt;
Coevolution and Symbiosis is the &amp;quot;Study of the Partner&amp;quot;—the investigation of the &amp;quot;Reciprocal Evolution&amp;quot; (~1960s–Present) where &amp;quot;Two or More Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Influence&amp;quot; each other&amp;#039;s &amp;quot;Evolutionary Trajectory.&amp;quot; While &amp;quot;Selection&amp;quot; (see Article 636) is often seen as &amp;quot;Nature vs. Species,&amp;quot; **Coevolution** is &amp;quot;Species vs. Species.&amp;quot; From &amp;quot;Mutualism&amp;quot; (Bees and Flowers) and &amp;quot;Parasitism&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;The Red Queen Hypothesis&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Evolutionary Arms Races,&amp;quot; this field explores the &amp;quot;Interdependence of Life.&amp;quot; It is the science of &amp;quot;Relationships,&amp;quot; explaining why &amp;quot;Ants&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Farm&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Aphids&amp;quot;—and how &amp;quot;Life&amp;quot; is a &amp;quot;Complex Web&amp;quot; of &amp;quot;Cooperation and War.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Remembering ==&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Coevolution&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — The &amp;quot;Process&amp;quot; where &amp;quot;Two Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Evolve&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;Response&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Changes&amp;quot; in each other.&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Symbiosis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — (Greek for &amp;#039;Living Together&amp;#039;): any &amp;quot;Long-Term&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Interaction&amp;quot; between &amp;quot;Two Different Species.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mutualism&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — A &amp;quot;Win-Win&amp;quot; interaction: &amp;quot;Both&amp;quot; species &amp;quot;Benefit&amp;quot; (e.g., &amp;#039;Gut Bacteria&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;Humans&amp;#039;).&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Commensalism&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — A &amp;quot;Win-Neutral&amp;quot; interaction: &amp;quot;One&amp;quot; benefits, the &amp;quot;Other&amp;quot; is &amp;quot;Unaffected&amp;quot; (e.g., &amp;#039;Barnacles on a Whale&amp;#039;).&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Parasitism&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — A &amp;quot;Win-Loss&amp;quot; interaction: &amp;quot;One&amp;quot; (The Parasite) benefits at the &amp;quot;Expense&amp;quot; of the &amp;quot;Other&amp;quot; (The Host).&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Endosymbiosis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — (Lynn Margulis). The &amp;quot;Theory&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;Complex Cells&amp;quot; (Eukaryotes) &amp;quot;Evolved&amp;quot; when &amp;quot;One Cell&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Ate&amp;quot; another and they &amp;quot;Started Living Together&amp;quot; (Creating &amp;#039;Mitochondria&amp;#039;).&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Red Queen Hypothesis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — (See Article 636). The &amp;quot;Idea&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;Species&amp;quot; must &amp;quot;Constantly Evolve&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Just to Stay Alive&amp;quot; because their &amp;quot;Enemies&amp;quot; are &amp;quot;Doing the Same.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Arms Race&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — A &amp;quot;Cycle&amp;quot; of &amp;quot;Selection&amp;quot; where a &amp;quot;Predator&amp;quot; gets &amp;quot;Faster&amp;quot; and the &amp;quot;Prey&amp;quot; gets &amp;quot;Even Faster&amp;quot; in response.&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Niche Construction&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — (See Article 149). When an &amp;quot;Organism&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Changes&amp;quot; its &amp;quot;Environment&amp;quot; in a way that &amp;quot;Influences&amp;quot; its &amp;quot;Own Evolution&amp;quot; (e.g., &amp;#039;Beaver Dams&amp;#039;).&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Co-extinction&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; — The &amp;quot;Loss&amp;quot; of a &amp;quot;Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Due to&amp;quot; the &amp;quot;Extinction&amp;quot; of its &amp;quot;Partner&amp;quot; (e.g., &amp;#039;A Specialist Pollinator&amp;#039; dying when its &amp;#039;Specific Flower&amp;#039; disappears).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Understanding ==&lt;br /&gt;
Coevolution is understood through &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Feedback&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Interdependence&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;1. The &amp;quot;Recursive&amp;quot; Loop (Arms Races)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;:&lt;br /&gt;
Why is &amp;quot;Nature&amp;quot; so &amp;quot;Fast&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Deadly&amp;quot;?&lt;br /&gt;
* (See Article 602). Consider the **Cheetah** and the **Gazelle.**&lt;br /&gt;
* If the Cheetah gets &amp;quot;Faster,&amp;quot; the &amp;quot;Slow Gazelles&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Die.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* Only &amp;quot;Fast Gazelles&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Reproduce.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* Now, the Cheetahs &amp;quot;Must&amp;quot; get &amp;quot;Faster&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Starve.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* This **&amp;quot;Positive Feedback&amp;quot;** &amp;quot;Drives&amp;quot; both species to &amp;quot;Biological Limits.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Excellence&amp;quot; is the **&amp;quot;Result&amp;quot;** of **&amp;quot;Competition.&amp;quot;**&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;2. The &amp;quot;Genetic&amp;quot; Pact (Mutualism)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Prosperity&amp;quot; through &amp;quot;Sharing.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* Many species &amp;quot;Can&amp;#039;t Survive&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Alone.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* **Flowers** &amp;quot;Need&amp;quot; **Bees** for &amp;quot;Sex&amp;quot; (Pollination).&lt;br /&gt;
* **Bees** &amp;quot;Need&amp;quot; **Flowers** for &amp;quot;Food&amp;quot; (Nectar).&lt;br /&gt;
* They have &amp;quot;Coevolved&amp;quot; **&amp;quot;Specialized Tools&amp;quot;**: the bee has &amp;quot;Pockets&amp;quot; for pollen, and the flower has &amp;quot;UV Patterns&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Guide&amp;quot; the bee.&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Survival&amp;quot; is **&amp;quot;Cooperation.&amp;quot;**&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;3. The &amp;quot;Inward&amp;quot; Merge (Endosymbiosis)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;You&amp;quot; are a &amp;quot;Colony.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* (See Article 148). Your **Mitochondria** (The &amp;#039;Power Plants&amp;#039;) were once **&amp;quot;Independent Bacteria.&amp;quot;**&lt;br /&gt;
* Billions of years ago, they were &amp;quot;Absorbed&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Never Left.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* They have their **&amp;quot;Own DNA&amp;quot;** (see Article 147).&lt;br /&gt;
* **Endosymbiosis** proved that the &amp;quot;Most Important&amp;quot; steps in &amp;quot;Evolution&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Came from&amp;quot; **&amp;quot;Merging&amp;quot;** rather than &amp;quot;Fighting.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;quot;Complexity&amp;quot; is **&amp;quot;Integration.&amp;quot;**&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Darwin’s Orchid (Angraecum sesquipedale)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: A famous &amp;quot;Prediction.&amp;quot; Darwin saw an orchid with a **30cm-long** nectar tube and &amp;quot;Predicted&amp;quot; there &amp;quot;Must&amp;quot; be a &amp;quot;Moth&amp;quot; with a **30cm-long** tongue to pollinate it. 40 years later, the &amp;quot;Morgan&amp;#039;s Sphinx Moth&amp;quot; was &amp;quot;Discovered.&amp;quot; It proved that &amp;quot;Coevolution&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Leaves&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Logical Clues.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Applying ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Modeling &amp;#039;The Parasite-Host&amp;#039; Cycle (Simulating &amp;#039;Virulence&amp;#039; vs &amp;#039;Resistance&amp;#039;):&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&amp;quot;python&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
def simulate_coevolution(host_resistance, parasite_attack):&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
    Shows the &amp;#039;Red Queen&amp;#039; in action.&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;quot;&amp;quot;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
    # The &amp;#039;Arms Race&amp;#039; moves forward&lt;br /&gt;
    new_host_resistance = host_resistance + 5&lt;br /&gt;
    new_parasite_attack = parasite_attack + 5&lt;br /&gt;
    &lt;br /&gt;
    # Balance remains the same&lt;br /&gt;
    delta = new_host_resistance - new_parasite_attack&lt;br /&gt;
    &lt;br /&gt;
    return f&amp;quot;NEW STATE: Host {new_host_resistance} / Parasite {new_parasite_attack}. (Relative advantage: {delta}).&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Case: Both &amp;#039;Run&amp;#039; for 10 generations&lt;br /&gt;
print(simulate_coevolution(10, 10))&lt;br /&gt;
print(&amp;quot;... 10 generations later ...&amp;quot;)&lt;br /&gt;
print(simulate_coevolution(60, 60))&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Coevolutionary Landmarks&lt;br /&gt;
: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The &amp;#039;Acacia Ant&amp;#039; &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; → A tree that &amp;quot;Provides&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Housing and Food&amp;quot; for &amp;quot;Ants,&amp;quot; while the &amp;quot;Ants&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Attack&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Anyone&amp;quot; (including &amp;#039;Giraffes&amp;#039;) that tries to &amp;quot;Eat the Tree.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The &amp;#039;Fig Wasp&amp;#039; &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; → A &amp;quot;Perfect Synchronization&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Every Species of Fig&amp;quot; has a **&amp;quot;Specific Species of Wasp&amp;quot;** that &amp;quot;Pollinates&amp;quot; it, &amp;quot;Representing&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Total Interdependence.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Human/Microbiome Symbiosis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; → (See Article 597). The &amp;quot;Discovery&amp;quot; that our &amp;quot;Immune System&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Brain&amp;quot; (see Article 110) are &amp;quot;Regulated&amp;quot; by &amp;quot;Trillions of Bacteria&amp;quot; in our &amp;quot;Gut.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mimicry&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (Batesian/Mullerian) → When a &amp;quot;Harmless Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Evolves&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Look Like&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;Poisonous One&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Avoid&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Predators&amp;quot; (Coevolving with the &amp;#039;Predator&amp;#039;s Vision&amp;#039;).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Analyzing ==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+ Competition vs. Cooperation&lt;br /&gt;
! Feature !! Competition (Arms Race) !! Cooperation (Mutualism)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Driver || &amp;quot;Conflict / Resource Scarcity&amp;quot; || &amp;quot;Shared Benefit / Synergy&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Outcome || &amp;quot;Specialized Weapons / Speed&amp;quot; || &amp;quot;Specialized Tools / Signals&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Evolutionary Speed || &amp;quot;Very Fast&amp;quot; (Red Queen) || &amp;quot;Moderate / Stable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Stability || &amp;quot;Unstable&amp;quot; (One might &amp;#039;Win&amp;#039;) || &amp;quot;Stable&amp;quot; (Both &amp;#039;Need&amp;#039; each other)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| Analogy || A &amp;#039;War&amp;#039; || A &amp;#039;Business Partnership&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Concept of &amp;quot;Coevolutionary Checkpoint&amp;quot;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Analyzing &amp;quot;The Risk.&amp;quot; If a &amp;quot;Mutualist Partner&amp;quot; becomes &amp;quot;Extinct,&amp;quot; the &amp;quot;Other&amp;quot; is &amp;quot;Doomed.&amp;quot; (See Article 526). This makes &amp;quot;Ecosystems&amp;quot; (see Article 149) **&amp;quot;Fragile.&amp;quot;** We cannot &amp;quot;Save&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;Species&amp;quot; &amp;quot;In Isolation&amp;quot;; we must &amp;quot;Save&amp;quot; the **&amp;quot;Relationship.&amp;quot;**&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Evaluating ==&lt;br /&gt;
Evaluating Coevolution:&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Agriculture&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: How do &amp;quot;Pests&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Coevolve&amp;quot; with &amp;quot;Pesticides&amp;quot; (see Article 590)? (The &amp;#039;Treadmill&amp;#039; problem).&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Medicine&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: (See Article 597). How does the &amp;quot;Human Immune System&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Coevolve&amp;quot; with &amp;quot;Viruses&amp;quot; like &amp;#039;Flu&amp;#039;?&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ethics&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Is &amp;quot;Domestication&amp;quot; (see Article 621) a &amp;quot;Symbiosis&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Slavery&amp;quot;? (The &amp;#039;Who is in control?&amp;#039; debate).&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Impact&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: Why is &amp;quot;Cooperation&amp;quot; (Mutualism) &amp;quot;More Common&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;Nature&amp;quot; than &amp;quot;Conflict&amp;quot;? (The &amp;#039;Cost&amp;#039; of war).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Creating ==&lt;br /&gt;
Future Frontiers:&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Synthetic &amp;#039;Symbiosis&amp;#039; &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: (See Article 555). &amp;quot;Engineering&amp;quot; a &amp;quot;New Bacterium&amp;quot; that &amp;quot;Lives&amp;quot; in &amp;quot;Human Skin&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Produces&amp;quot; **&amp;quot;Vitamin D&amp;quot;** or **&amp;quot;UV Protection&amp;quot;** &amp;quot;Automatically.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Personal &amp;#039;Gut-Brain&amp;#039; AI&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: An AI that &amp;quot;Monitors&amp;quot; your &amp;quot;Microbiome&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;Suggests&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Foods&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Nudge&amp;quot; (see Article 618) your &amp;quot;Bacteria&amp;quot; into &amp;quot;Improving&amp;quot; your &amp;quot;Mood.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;The &amp;#039;Planetary&amp;#039; Symbiont&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: (See Article 589). &amp;quot;Using&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Coevolution&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Design&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Forests&amp;quot; that are &amp;quot;Resistant&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Climate Change&amp;quot; through &amp;quot;Engineered Fungal Networks.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
# &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Post-Human &amp;#039;Digital&amp;#039; Symbiosis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;: (See Article 629). A &amp;quot;Future&amp;quot; where &amp;quot;Humans&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;AI&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Coevolve&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Together,&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Merging&amp;quot; &amp;quot;Biology and Code&amp;quot; into a &amp;quot;Single Species.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Arts]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Science]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Biology]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Ecology]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Evolutionary Biology]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Microbiology]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Genetics]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Wordpad</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>