Editing Utilitarianism (section)

== <span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Applying</span> ==
'''Modeling 'The Utility Score' (Deciding on a public policy):'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="python">
def calculate_utility(policy_name, effects):
    """
    effects = list of (happiness_gain, population_size)
    """
    total_utility = sum(h * p for h, p in effects)
    
    return {
        "Policy": policy_name,
        "Total Utility": total_utility,
        "Verdict": "Ethically Good" if total_utility > 0 else "Ethically Bad"
    }

# Policy: Build a new park. 
# Costs 100 neighbors 5 units of 'Quiet'. 
# Gives 1000 kids 20 units of 'Play'.
park_effects = [(-5, 100), (20, 1000)]
print(calculate_utility("City Park", park_effects))

# Policy: Tax everyone $1 to give one person $1,000,000.
lottery_effects = [(-1, 1000000), (1000000, 1)]
print(calculate_utility("Person-specific Lottery", lottery_effects))
# Note: Utilitarianism says this is neutral (0), but many people feel it is unfair!
</syntaxhighlight>

; Utilitarian Landmarks
: '''The Panopticon''' → Bentham's design for a "Perfect Prison" that would produce the most safety (utility) with the least staff.
: '''Animal Rights''' → Bentham was one of the first to argue that animals deserve moral consideration because they can "Suffer," even if they can't "Reason."
: '''Effective Altruism''' → A modern movement that uses utilitarian math to find the most efficient ways to save lives (e.g., "Donating $1,000 to malaria nets saves more lives than $1,000 to a local museum").
: '''Triage in Medicine''' → During a disaster, doctors use utilitarian logic to treat the patients they can save, rather than the ones who are the most hurt but likely to die anyway.
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