Editing Galactic Structure (section)

== <span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Applying</span> ==
'''Modeling 'Galactic Rotation' (Finding Dark Matter):'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="python">
def calculate_required_mass(radius, velocity):
    """
    Based on Newton/Kepler laws.
    Visible mass is always lower than 'Required' mass in galaxies.
    """
    G = 6.674e-11 # Gravitational constant
    # M = (v^2 * r) / G
    mass = (velocity ** 2 * radius) / G
    return mass

# For a star at the edge of a galaxy
r = 1e20 # meters
v = 2e5  # meters/sec
required = calculate_required_mass(r, v)

print(f"Required Mass to hold the star: {required:.2e} kg")
# If the visible stars only account for 10% of this, 
# the other 90% MUST be Dark Matter.
</syntaxhighlight>

; Galactic Neighbors
: '''The Local Group''' → Our immediate neighborhood, including the Milky Way, Andromeda, and the Triangulum galaxy.
: '''The Andromeda Galaxy''' → Our closest large neighbor; it is on a collision course with the Milky Way (in 4 billion years).
: '''Satellite Galaxies''' → Smaller galaxies (like the Magellanic Clouds) that orbit larger ones.
: '''Superclusters''' → The largest structures in the universe, consisting of thousands of galaxies (e.g., Laniakea).
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