Editing Capitalism and its Critics (section)

== <span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Applying</span> ==
'''Modeling 'The Market Equilibrium' (Predicting price based on supply and demand):'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="python">
def calculate_market_price(supply, demand, base_cost):
    """
    Shows how the 'Invisible Hand' sets the price.
    """
    scarcity_factor = demand / supply
    market_price = base_cost * scarcity_factor
    
    if market_price > base_cost * 2:
        return f"Price: ${round(market_price)} | STATUS: High Profit / Potential Bubble."
    elif market_price < base_cost:
        return f"Price: ${round(market_price)} | STATUS: Business Failure / Market Exit."
    else:
        return f"Price: ${round(market_price)} | STATUS: Healthy Equilibrium."

# Case 1: High demand, Low supply (e.g., a new GPU)
print(calculate_market_price(100, 500, 200))
# Case 2: Low demand, High supply (e.g., yesterday's newspaper)
print(calculate_market_price(1000, 10, 1))
</syntaxhighlight>

; Economic Landmarks
: '''The Wealth of Nations (1776)''' → The founding document of capitalism, published the same year as the US Declaration of Independence.
: '''The Great Depression (1929)''' → The moment when the "Free Market" collapsed, forcing even capitalist countries to accept that the government must sometimes step in.
: '''The 'Gilded Age' (late 1800s)''' → An era of massive wealth for "Robber Barons" (like Rockefeller) and extreme poverty for workers, which led to the birth of "Anti-Trust" laws.
: '''The 'Nordic Model'''' → A modern attempt to combine "Capitalism" (free markets) with a "Strong Welfare State" (high taxes and free services), found in countries like Denmark and Sweden.
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