Editing Biosignatures and the Search for Life Beyond Earth (section)

== <span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Applying</span> ==
'''Modeling 'The Biosignature Score' (Evaluating 'Life Evidence' from Atmospheric Data):'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="python">
def evaluate_biosignatures(planet, atmospheric_data):
    """
    Assesses the strength of biosignature evidence for a candidate planet.
    """
    score = 0
    evidence = []
    
    # Key biosignatures and their weights
    checks = [
        ('O2_pct',   lambda v: v > 15,      20, "High atmospheric O₂ (>15%)"),
        ('CH4_ppm',  lambda v: v > 10,       15, "Significant methane"),
        ('O2_CH4',   lambda v: v,            25, "O₂ + CH₄ disequilibrium (strongest signal)"),
        ('red_edge', lambda v: v,            15, "Vegetation red edge (700-740nm)"),
        ('H2O',      lambda v: v,             5, "Water vapor"),
        ('N2O_ppb',  lambda v: v > 100,      10, "Nitrous oxide (biogenic)"),
        ('no_abio',  lambda v: v,            10, "No abiotic explanation found"),
    ]
    
    for key, test, weight, label in checks:
        if key in atmospheric_data and test(atmospheric_data[key]):
            score += weight
            evidence.append(label)
    
    verdict = ("STRONG EVIDENCE FOR LIFE" if score >= 60 else
               "MODERATE SIGNAL — investigate further" if score >= 30 else
               "WEAK/NO SIGNAL")
    
    print(f"Planet: {planet} | Biosignature Score: {score}/100")
    print(f"  Evidence: {', '.join(evidence) if evidence else 'None'}")
    print(f"  Verdict: {verdict}\n")

evaluate_biosignatures("TRAPPIST-1e (hypothetical)", 
    {'O2_pct': 18, 'CH4_ppm': 50, 'O2_CH4': True, 'red_edge': True, 
     'H2O': True, 'N2O_ppb': 200, 'no_abio': True})
evaluate_biosignatures("Venus analog (false positive)",
    {'O2_pct': 5, 'H2O': False})
</syntaxhighlight>

; Science Landmarks
: '''Galileo Flyby Biosignature Test (1990)''' → "Proving" **"Earth's Biosignatures"** are "Detectable" from "Space."
: '''JWST First Exoplanet Atmosphere (2022+)''' → "Detecting" **"CO₂"** on "A Gas Giant" — "The Technique Works."
: '''TRAPPIST-1 System (2017+)''' → "Seven Rocky Planets" — **"Three in Habitable Zone"** — "Priority Biosignature Targets."
: '''The 'Phosphine on Venus' Claim (2020)''' → "A Controversial" **"Potential Biosignature"** — "Sparked" "Global Debate" and "Follow-Up Missions."
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