Editing Logical Fallacies (section)

== <span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Understanding</span> ==
Logical fallacies are understood through '''Structure''' and '''Diversion'''.

'''1. The "Broken Bridge" (Structural Fallacies)''':
In logic, if "A is true" and "A implies B," then "B must be true."
* A fallacy "Breaks" the link.
* For example, the **Affirming the Consequent** fallacy: "If it rains, the grass is wet. The grass is wet, therefore it rained."
* **Reality**: Someone could have used a "Sprinkler."
* Understanding fallacies is about "Checking the links" of the bridge before you cross it.

'''2. The "Red Herring" (Diversion Fallacies)''':
If you "Can't win" the argument, "Change the subject."
* The **Ad Hominem** is a diversion: "You say I shouldn't smoke, but you smoke too!"
* The speaker's smoking "Doesn't change the fact" that smoking is bad for health.
* Diversion fallacies "Trick" the audience into "Looking at the person" or a "Different topic" instead of the "Truth."

'''3. The "Emotional" Trap''':
Many fallacies work because they "Feel good" or "Feel scary."
* The **Slippery Slope** works on "Fear."
* The **Bandwagon** works on "Belonging."
* Logic is "Cold," but fallacies are "Hot." They use our "Pathos" (see Article 471) to "Short-circuit" our "Logos."

'''The 'Straw Man' Example'''': Person A says: "We should spend more on schools." Person B replies: "Why do you hate our Soldiers? If we cut the military to pay for schools, we will be invaded!" Person B has "Built a Straw Man" (the idea that Person A 'hates soldiers') and "Attacked" it, instead of arguing about the "School budget."
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