Editing Climatology (section)

== <span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Understanding</span> ==
Climatology is understood through '''Energy Balance''' and '''Circulation'''.

'''1. The Energy Balance (The Thermostat)''':
The Earth is always receiving energy from the sun (Short-wave) and radiating energy back into space (Long-wave).
* If incoming = outgoing: The temperature is stable.
* If incoming > outgoing (due to '''Greenhouse Gases'''): The planet warms.

'''2. Global Circulation (The Heat Movers)''':
The Earth is hot at the equator and cold at the poles. The air and water try to fix this by moving heat around.
* '''Hadley Cells''': Warm air rises at the equator, rains (Rainforests), and sinks back down as dry air at 30° latitude (Deserts).
* '''The Gulf Stream''': This ocean current carries tropical heat to Europe, making London much warmer than Canada, even though they are at the same latitude.

'''3. Feedbacks (The Accelerators)''':
The climate has "Vicious Cycles."
* '''Ice-Albedo Feedback''': As the planet warms, ice melts. Dark water is revealed. The water absorbs more heat (low albedo), which melts more ice. This is why the Arctic is warming 4x faster than the rest of the world.

'''Climate vs. Weather''': "Weather tells you what to wear today; Climate tells you what clothes to have in your closet."
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