Editing Archaeology (section)

== <span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Understanding</span> ==
Archaeology is about '''Context''', not just "Treasure."

'''1. The Law of Superposition''': In an undisturbed site, the stuff at the bottom is older than the stuff at the top. This allows archaeologists to create a "Timeline" of how a culture changed.

'''2. Cultural Materialism''': Archaeologists look at "The Stuff" to understand "The Mind." If a grave contains gold and servants, we know the society was stratified. If we find fish bones in a desert, we know there was a trade network or a change in climate.

'''3. Types of Archaeology''':
* '''Prehistoric''': Studying societies before the invention of writing.
* '''Classical''': Studying the civilizations of Greece and Rome.
* '''Underwater''': Excavating shipwrecks and sunken cities.
* '''Historical''': Studying recent periods where written records exist (e.g., Colonial America).

'''Archaeology is Destructive''': Every time you excavate a site, you destroy it. Therefore, archaeologists spend 10% of their time digging and 90% of their time recording and analyzing. If the context is lost, the artifact is just a "pretty stone."
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