Editing 20th Century Philosophy (section)

== <span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Understanding</span> ==
20th-century philosophy is understood through '''Language''' and '''Deconstruction'''.

'''1. The Language Game (Wittgenstein)''':
Wittgenstein argued that most philosophical problems are just "Confusions of Language."
* Words don't have "Real Meanings"; they have "Uses."
* We play different "Language Games" (The Science game, the Religion game, the Art game).
* You can't use the rules of one game to judge the other. "If a lion could talk, we could not understand him," because his "Game" (his life) is too different from ours.

'''2. Existentialism and Absurdity (Sartre and Camus)''':
After the horrors of WWII, the world felt "Absurd" (meaningless).
* '''Sartre''': We are like actors on a stage with no script. We must "Create ourselves" every second. If we pretend we "Have to" do something, we are living in "Bad Faith."
* '''Camus''': We are like Sisyphus, pushing a rock up a hill forever. We should "Rebel" by being happy anyway.

'''3. Power and Knowledge (Foucault)''':
Foucault argued that "Truth" isn't objective; it's a tool.
* Hospitals, schools, and prisons aren't just for "Helping" people; they are for "Controlling" them by deciding what is "Normal."
* "Knowledge is Power." The person who gets to define what is "Sane" or "Legal" has the ultimate power in society.

'''The 'Grand Narrative' Collapse''': Lyotard's definition of Post-Modernism. We no longer believe in "One Story" (like Progress, Christianity, or Marxism) that explains the whole world. We only have "Small Stories."
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