Editing Satellites, GIS, and the Digital Earth (section)

== <span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Remembering</span> ==
* '''Geographic Information System (GIS)''' — A computer system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of spatial or geographical data.
* '''Remote Sensing''' — The process of detecting and monitoring the physical characteristics of an area by measuring its reflected and emitted radiation at a distance, typically from satellites or aircraft.
* '''Global Positioning System (GPS)''' — A U.S.-owned utility that provides users with positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services via a constellation of at least 24 satellites operating in Medium Earth Orbit.
* '''Spatial Layers''' — The foundational concept of GIS, where different types of data (e.g., a layer of roads, a layer of rivers, a layer of population density) are stacked on top of each other in the software to reveal complex relationships.
* '''Vector Data''' — GIS data represented as points, lines, and polygons (e.g., city locations, roads, national borders). Highly precise and scalable without losing resolution.
* '''Raster Data''' — GIS data represented as a grid of pixels, where each pixel holds a specific value (e.g., a satellite photograph, an elevation model, or a temperature map).
* '''Lidar (Light Detection and Ranging)''' — A remote sensing method that uses light in the form of a pulsed laser to measure variable distances to the Earth, highly effective for creating hyper-accurate 3D elevation models and finding ruins under dense jungle canopies.
* '''Geofencing''' — The use of GPS or RFID technology to create a virtual geographic boundary, enabling software to trigger a response when a mobile device enters or leaves a particular area.
* '''Landsat Program''' — The longest-running enterprise for acquisition of satellite imagery of Earth, a joint NASA/USGS program providing a continuous, invaluable visual record of global landscape change since 1972.
* '''Trilateration''' — The mathematical principle used by GPS receivers to determine absolute location by measuring the exact time it takes for radio signals to arrive from at least four different satellites.
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