Editing Evolution and Natural Selection (section)

== <span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Remembering</span> ==
* '''Evolution''' — The change in heritable traits of a population over generations.
* '''Natural Selection''' — The process where individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
* '''Adaptation''' — A trait that increases an organism's fitness in its environment.
* '''Fitness''' — A measure of an organism's ability to survive and produce viable offspring.
* '''Common Descent''' — The idea that all living things share a single ancestral origin.
* '''Mutation''' — A random change in an organism's DNA; the ultimate source of new genetic variation.
* '''Genetic Drift''' — Random changes in allele frequencies in a population, especially in small groups.
* '''Gene Flow''' — The transfer of genetic material between populations (migration).
* '''Speciation''' — The formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.
* '''Phylogeny''' — The evolutionary history and relationship of a group of organisms.
* '''Homology''' — Similarities in traits resulting from common ancestry (e.g., the arm of a human and the wing of a bat).
* '''Convergent Evolution''' — When unrelated species evolve similar traits due to similar environments (e.g., wings in birds and insects).
* '''Vestigial Structure''' — A structure that has lost its original function through evolution (e.g., the human appendix or whale pelvic bones).
* '''Artificial Selection''' — Selective breeding by humans for specific traits (e.g., dog breeds or modern corn).
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