Editing Autonomous Vehicles and Self-Driving AI (section)

== <span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Remembering</span> ==
* '''Autonomy levels (SAE J3016)''' — A standardization of self-driving capability from Level 0 (no automation) to Level 5 (fully autonomous in all conditions).
* '''Level 2''' — Partial automation: the system controls steering and acceleration/braking but the human must monitor and be ready to take over. Examples: Tesla Autopilot, GM Super Cruise.
* '''Level 4''' — High automation: the system handles all driving in specific conditions (geofenced area, certain weather) without human intervention; no steering wheel may be required.
* '''Level 5''' — Full automation: the system can handle all driving in all conditions; no human required.
* '''Perception''' — The AV's ability to detect and classify objects in its environment using sensors.
* '''LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging)''' — A sensor that fires laser pulses and measures return time to build a 3D point cloud of the environment.
* '''RADAR''' — Radio wave-based sensor; accurate at measuring velocity and works in all weather conditions; lower resolution than LIDAR.
* '''Point cloud''' — A set of 3D points returned by LIDAR, representing the 3D structure of the environment.
* '''HD Map (High Definition Map)''' — A centimeter-accurate 3D map of roads including lane markings, traffic signs, and geometry; used by many AV systems for localization.
* '''Localization''' — Precisely determining the vehicle's position and orientation within the HD map.
* '''SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping)''' — Building a map of the environment while simultaneously tracking the vehicle's position within it.
* '''Prediction''' — Forecasting the future positions and behaviors of other road users (pedestrians, cyclists, vehicles).
* '''Planning''' — Computing a safe, comfortable trajectory for the vehicle to follow.
* '''Control''' — Converting planned trajectories into actuator commands (steering angle, throttle, brake).
* '''Occupancy grid''' — A 2D or 3D grid representing which cells in space are occupied by obstacles.
* '''BEV (Bird's Eye View)''' — A top-down representation of the driving scene; commonly used for perception and planning in modern AVs.
</div>

<div style="background-color: #006400; color: #FFFFFF; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 15px;">